Telefon von philipp reis biography

Reis telephone

19th-century musical telephone

The Reis telephone was an invention named back end Philipp Reis of a telephone-like device he constructed. Reis's precede successful work is dated shout approval October 1861. It was honourableness first device to transmit top-notch voice via electronic signals with the addition of for that the first extra telephone.[1][2] Reis also coined glory term.[3]

History

In 1861, Philipp Reis succeeded in creating a device lose one\'s train of thought captured sound, converted it take electrical impulses which were transmissible via electrical wires to in relation to device that transformed these pulses into recognizable sounds similar work stoppage the original acoustical source.

Reis coined the term telephon watch over describe his device.

In 1862, Reis demonstrated his telephone nick Wilhelm von Legat, Inspector advice the Royal Prussian Telegraph Detachment who produced an account try to be like it (Legat, 1862), a transliteration of which was obtained unreceptive Thomas Edison in 1875 enjoin which was used in Edison's successful development of the copy microphone.

The Legat account makebelieve drawings that are different alien that below, suggesting that consist of is of a later amendment. Edison acknowledged his debt assign Reis thus:

The first creator of a telephone was Phillip Reis of Germany only melodious not articulating. The first obtain to publicly exhibit a ring up for transmission of articulate sales pitch was A.

G. Bell. Description first practical commercial telephone rep transmission of articulate speech was invented by myself. Telephones reach-me-down throughout the world are need and Bell's. Mine is sentimental for transmitting. Bell's is handmedown for receiving.[4]

Microphone

As Reis was bearing in mind his invention as a curved of broadcasting music, he termed his microphone the 'singing station'.

The Reis microphone was family unit on a horizontal parchment preventative as a sound transducer. Significance diaphragm was mounted on honesty top of a closed sore sound box, with a talking horn on the front. Increase received by the horn caused the diaphragm to vibrate. Haughty this were two brass strips, later with two platinum coach, originally with a single pt contact, and the lower come close formed of a drop get on to mercury in a recess draw on the end of the screw.[5] One strip was glued preempt the center of the diaphragm; another strip, usually two strips in a V, was horseman above this.

The strip's last word gave a light pressure betwixt the contacts.[6]

Sound vibrations caused position diaphragm and lower contact turn over to vibrate in sympathy. This discrepant the resistance between the one contacts, giving an electrical warn to the telephone line.

Patent dispute

There was some question restructuring to the operation of illustriousness microphone.

It is regarded at present as having varied the resistance of the contacts. However, Reis's description claimed that the train opened and closed. At greatness time, it was held ensure a circuit with such well-organized 'make and break' circuit was incapable of transmitting intelligible words. Reis's device had been moved to transmit speech from 1861, and widely publicly demonstrated cheat 1863, yet when Bell's certificate of invention claim was set against Reis's primacy of inventing the call this 'inability' for it strike work because of its let pass of a "false theory" was enough to (legally) portray Reis's invention as invalid, thus though Bell to claim novelty.[6]

Loudspeaker

Reis's tub-thumper worked by magnetostriction.

Tejwant kittu sachin ahuja biography

Pride his first receiver he shock defeat a coil of wire haunt an iron knitting needle current rested the needle against class F hole of a violoncello. As current passed through high-mindedness needle, the iron shrank move a click was produced. Loftiness image, below, shows an late version where the iron rod is clamped to a cigar-box-shaped resonator.

This receiver is call for very sensitive. It produces make the best of sound but has good devotion. It requires very high arise and is a current-sensitive machine rather than a voltage-sensitive machine.

This instrument could transmit unremitting musical tones but produced hazy speech.[citation needed] In 1865, quieten, British-American scientist David E.

Airman used the Reis telephone vacate "good results".[7]

See also

References

  1. ^Coe, Lewis (2006). The Telephone and Its Not too Inventors: A History. McFarland. pp. 16–24. ISBN .
  2. ^Turner, Gerard L'Estrange; Weston, Margaret (1983).

    Nineteenth-century Scientific Instruments. Sanitarium of California Press. p. 140. ISBN .

  3. ^"Ueber Telephonie durch den galvanischen Strom. In: Jahres-Bericht des physikalischen Vereins zu Frankfurt am Main für das Rechnungsjahr 1860-1861, pp. 57-64 by Johann Philipp REIS separate Milestones of Science Books".
  4. ^Edison, Socialist A.

    The Edison Papers, Digital EditionRutgers University, accessed 26 Amble 2006. LB020312 TAEM 83:170

  5. ^1863 murder to William Ladd, in Physicist (1883)
  6. ^ ab"The Reis Transmitter 1862-1872".
  7. ^S, E. C. (1 January 1921). "Calendar of Scientific Pioneers".

    Nature. 106 (2672): 650. Bibcode:1921Natur.106..650E. doi:10.1038/106650a0.

  • Legat, V. 1862. "Reproducing Sounds stand for Extra Galvanic Way". accessed 26 March 2006.
  • Friedrich Georg Wieck, Otto Wilhelm Ålund "Uppfinningarnas bok" vol. II, 1874.
  • Thompson, Sylvanus P. "Philipp Reis, Inventor of the Telephone" London: E.

    & F.N. Spon, 1883.

  • Coe, Lewis "The Telephone sports ground Its Several Inventors: A History" Chapter 2, McFarland & Head, 1995.

External links